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Journal of Design History 2001 14(2):105-116; doi:10.1093/jdh/14.2.105
© 2001 by Design History Society
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Finding Poland in the Margins: The Case of the Zakopane Style

David Crowley

Royal College of Art London


  Abstract

This paper exmaines the developmant of the Zakopane Style in the context of polish nationalism in the late nineteenth century. The history of the Style has much in common with other discoveries of vernacular culture throughtout Europe at this time: Typically artists first ‘discovered’ the homes, tools and dress of the peasantry, and then derived from this material a new national style to escape the internationalism of high styles. Rather than stress any unique or special characteristic of polish vernacular material culture, however, this paper examines the particular political and economic circumstances in which this ‘Polish’ style emerged. The fact that Poland had been partitioned and, as a consquence, the people lived as subject of three European empires, ment that any discussion of the ‘local’ and the ‘national’ had to be framed within the discources of Polish nationalism. Accordingly, I explore how Warsaw Positivism, a political ‘strategy’ developed in the 1860s to repudiate Russian rule, shaped high enthusiasm for the homes of peasents from the Tatra mountains.

Key Words: nationalism • Poland • vernacular • positivism • Zakopane • Style • tradition


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